Under the "dual carbon" goal

the rapid growth of new energy vehicle ownership has led to issues such as distribution network overload

voltage violations

harmonic pollution

and increased peak-to-valley differences caused by large-scale uncoordinated charging."Modern smart distribution grids rely on technologies such as flexible power conversion

5G communication

edge intelligence

digital twins

and virtual power plants to transform electric vehicles from random rigid loads into dispatchable mobile energy storage.This article outlines the core technical system supporting vehicle-grid integration in smart distribution grids

introduces four typical applications: orderly charging

V2G interaction

photovoltaic-storage-charging microgrid

and electric vehicle virtual power plant

analyzes the current bottlenecks in technology implementation and provides solutions

predicts industry development trends

and offers references for vehicle-grid collaborative planning

station scheduling

and graduation design research.