Public Finance and Education Performance Evaluation: A Comparative Analysis of Compulsory Education in Hong Kong and Guangzhou

Yuchun Huang

doi:10.47297/wspceWSP2516-251938.20250905

PDF
Export
Share
Collection
Album

Public Finance and Education Performance Evaluation: A Comparative Analysis of Compulsory Education in Hong Kong and Guangzhou

Volume 9, Issue 5

Views: 0 Downloads: 0

Public Finance and Education Performance Evaluation: A Comparative Analysis of Compulsory Education in Hong Kong and Guangzhou
Public Finance and Education Performance Evaluation: A Comparative Analysis of Compulsory Education in Hong Kong and Guangzhou
Faculty of Business and Economics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, 999077, China
Vol. 9, Issue 5, Pages: 201-205(2025)
Published：30 October 2025
DOI：10.47297/wspceWSP2516-251938.20250905
Accepted：

Scan QR Code

Huang Yuchun.Public Finance and Education Performance Evaluation: A Comparative Analysis of Compulsory Education in Hong Kong and Guangzhou[J].Creative Economy,2025,09(05):201-205.
DOI：

Huang Yuchun.Public Finance and Education Performance Evaluation: A Comparative Analysis of Compulsory Education in Hong Kong and Guangzhou[J].Creative Economy,2025,09(05):201-205. DOI： 10.47297/wspceWSP2516-251938.20250905.

摘要

Abstract

This study is based on the CIPP (Context

Input

Process

Product) framework to compare the financial input and governance mechanisms in the compulsory education stages of Hong Kong and Guangzhou

and examines how the input structure and quality accountability affect educational equity

quality

and efficiency. Hong Kong's financial system is characterized by school-based resource allocation and performance accountability (such as OEBG/EOEBG and the SSE/ESR quality assurance framework)

supplemented by tuition fee remission and transparency measures in the Direct Subsidy Scheme (DSS). The education expenditure budget for 2024/25 is approximately HKD 115.7 billion

accounting for 14.9% of total government spending. Relying on the national unified benchmark quota of public funds per student and local government matching funds

along with the "2+2+1" quality improvement action

Guangzhou allocated about CNY 64.75 billion for education in 2024

accounting for 23.3% of the general public budget expenditure. In the same year

approximately 79

000 new public primary and secondary school places were created to ease the pressure on enrollment(degree shortage). The results of the study show that simply increasing the scale of financial inputs does not effectively improve the quality of education; the structure of inputs (such as recurrent funding

teacher and learning support) and governance tools (such as school-based management

quality cycles

and needs-weighted fiscal transfers) play a more critical role in improving classroom accessibility and narrowing opportunity gaps. Hong Kong's performance in the PISA 2022 was significantly higher than the OECD average

which reflects a more stable transmission efficiency between the system and the classroom. In contrast

Guangzhou has significantly alleviated capacity constraints through expansion and is currently transitioning from "increased quantity" to "improved quality."

关键词

Keywords

references

Education Bureau . ( 2012 ). EDB Circular No . 10 / 2012 : Fee Remission/Scholarship Schemes in Direct Subsidy Scheme (DSS) Schools. Retrieved from https://applications.edb.gov.hk/circular/upload/EDBC/EDBC12010E.pdf https://applications.edb.gov.hk/circular/upload/EDBC/EDBC12010E.pdf .

Education Bureau . ( 2024 ). Operating Expenses Block Grant , Expanded Operating Expenses Block Grant and Composite Furniture and Equipment Grant for Aided Schools for the 2024 / 25 School Year. Retrieved from https://applications.edb.gov.hk/circular/upload/EDBCM/EDBCM24156E.pdf https://applications.edb.gov.hk/circular/upload/EDBCM/EDBCM24156E.pdf .

Education Bureau . ( 2025 ). Quality assurance for schools . Retrieved from https://www.edb.gov.hk/en/sch-admin/sch-quality-assurance/about-sch-quality-assurance/index.html https://www.edb.gov.hk/en/sch-admin/sch-quality-assurance/about-sch-quality-assurance/index.html .

Fuchs T. , & Woessmann L. ( 2004 ). What accounts for international differences in student performance? A re-examination using PISA data. CESifo Working Paper No. 1235 . Retrieved from https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/18874/1/cesifo1_wp1235.pdf https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/18874/1/cesifo1_wp1235.pdf .

Guangzhou Education Bureau . ( 2024 ). 2024 Guangzhou education development statistical bulletin. Guangzhou Education Bureau . Retrieved from https://jyj.gz.gov.cn/gk/sjtj/content/post_10335667.html https://jyj.gz.gov.cn/gk/sjtj/content/post_10335667.html .

Guangzhou Municipal Bureau of Statistics . ( 2025 ). Statistical Bulletin on the National Economic and Social Development of Guangzhou City in 2024 . Retrieved from https://tjj.gz.gov.cn/stats_newtjyw/tjsj/tjgb/qstjgb/content/post_10203416.html https://tjj.gz.gov.cn/stats_newtjyw/tjsj/tjgb/qstjgb/content/post_10203416.html .

Guangzhou Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau . ( 2023 ). Notice on Doing a Good Job in the Compulsory Education of Children of Migrant Workers in Guangzhou . Retrieved from https://rsj.gz.gov.cn/ywzt/jycy/jfzfw/tzgg/content/post_9610539.html https://rsj.gz.gov.cn/ywzt/jycy/jfzfw/tzgg/content/post_9610539.html .

Hanushek E. A. ( 2003 ). The failure of input-based schooling policies . Economic Journal , 113 ( 485 ), F64 – F98 . Retrieved from https://hanushek.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/publications/Hanushek%202003%20EJ%20113%28485%29.pdf https://hanushek.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/publications/Hanushek%202003%20EJ%20113%28485%29.pdf .

Hanushek E. A. , & Woessmann L. ( 2007 ). The role of education quality for economic growth . World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 4122 . Retrieved from https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/260461468324885735/pdf/wps4122.pdf https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/260461468324885735/pdf/wps4122.pdf .

Hong Kong Government . (2024) . 2024 - 25 Budget: Media Sheet . Retrieved from https://www.budget.gov.hk/2024/eng/pdf/2024-25_Media_Sheet.pdf https://www.budget.gov.hk/2024/eng/pdf/2024-25_Media_Sheet.pdf .

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government . ( 2023 ). Head 156 — Government Secretariat: Education Bureau . Retrieved from https://www.budget.gov.hk/2023/eng/pdf/head156.pdf https://www.budget.gov.hk/2023/eng/pdf/head156.pdf .

Jackson C. K. , Johnson R. C. , & Persico C. ( 2016 ). The effects of school spending on educational and economic outcomes: Evidence from school finance reforms . Quarterly Journal of Economics , 131 ( 1 ), 157 – 218 . Retrieved from https://gsppi.berkeley.edu/~ruckerj/QJE_resubmit_final_version.pdf https://gsppi.berkeley.edu/~ruckerj/QJE_resubmit_final_version.pdf .

Kane T. J. , & Staiger D. O. ( 2002 ). The promise and pitfalls of using imprecise school accountability measures . Journal of Economic Perspectives , 16 ( 4 ), 91 – 114 .

Musgrave R. A. ( 1959 ). The theory of public finance: A study in public economy . McGraw-Hill.

Oates W. E. ( 1972 ). Fiscal federalism . Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

OECD . ( 2023 ). PISA 2022 results (Volume I and II): Country notes – Hong Kong (China) . Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/pisa-2022-results-volume-i-and-ii-country-notes_ed6fbcc5-en/hong-kong-china_0243d723-en.html https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/pisa-2022-results-volume-i-and-ii-country-notes_ed6fbcc5-en/hong-kong-china_0243d723-en.html .

Stufflebeam D. L. ( 2003 ). The CIPP model for evaluation: An update . Presented at the 2003 Annual Conference of the Oregon Program Evaluators Network, Portland, Oregon. Retrieved from https://goeroendeso.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/cipp-modeloregon10-031.pdf https://goeroendeso.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/cipp-modeloregon10-031.pdf .

Tiebout C. M. ( 1956 ). A pure theory of local expenditures . Journal of Political Economy , 64 ( 5 ), 416 – 424 . Retrieved from https://fbaum.unc.edu/teaching/PLSC541_Fall08/tiebout_1956.pdf https://fbaum.unc.edu/teaching/PLSC541_Fall08/tiebout_1956.pdf .

Xinxi Times . ( 2024 , November 12 ). Guangzhou Education Research Institute's " 2+2 + 1 " research support promotes the improvement of compulsory education quality and efficiency. Xinxi Times. Retrieved from https://m.163.com/dy/article/JGQ84UA00536DWVW.html?spss=adap_pc https://m.163.com/dy/article/JGQ84UA00536DWVW.html?spss=adap_pc .

Alert me when the article has been cited

Submit

Research on Green Marketing Strategies of Yatsen Holding Limited under ESG Perspective

A Comparative Study of Conceptual Metaphors in English and Chinese Economic Reports on the Belt and Road Initiative

Related Author

Wenqian Song Southwestern University of Finance and Economics

Wenjie Hu

Hua Wang

Related Institution

Southwestern University of Finance and Economics

College of Foreign Languages, Hunan University of Technology and Business

⁰