3D Characterization of Mining Waste Piles: Bridging Geophysical and Geochemical Techniques for Improved AMD Prediction

Jingru Shang

doi:10.47297/wspciateWSP2633-772X03.20250604

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3D Characterization of Mining Waste Piles: Bridging Geophysical and Geochemical Techniques for Improved AMD Prediction

Volume 6, Issue 4

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3D Characterization of Mining Waste Piles: Bridging Geophysical and Geochemical Techniques for Improved AMD Prediction
3D Characterization of Mining Waste Piles: Bridging Geophysical and Geochemical Techniques for Improved AMD Prediction
School of Urban and Regional Planning, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD, 4072, Australia
Vol. 6, Issue 4, Pages: 20-29(2025)
Published：30 August 2025
DOI：10.47297/wspciateWSP2633-772X03.20250604
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Shang Jingru.3D Characterization of Mining Waste Piles: Bridging Geophysical and Geochemical Techniques for Improved AMD Prediction[J].Chinese Industry and Technology of Eco-environment,2025,06(04):20-29.
DOI：

Shang Jingru.3D Characterization of Mining Waste Piles: Bridging Geophysical and Geochemical Techniques for Improved AMD Prediction[J].Chinese Industry and Technology of Eco-environment,2025,06(04):20-29. DOI： 10.47297/wspciateWSP2633-772X03.20250604.

摘要

Abstract

Mining waste piles constitute a substantial environmental liability due to their propensity to generate Acid Mine Drainage (AMD)

a severe form of water contamination caused by the oxidation of sulfide minerals. The complexity and heterogeneity of these garbage piles make it difficult to forecast and mitigate AMD accurately. When applied alone

traditional characterization techniques—whether they be based on non-specific geophysical surveys or discrete geochemical sampling—are frequently inadequate. This review article summarizes the most recent developments in mining waste pile classification by promoting an integrated

synergistic strategy that unifies geophysical and geochemical methods. In order to overcome the limitations of both individual approaches

the paper explains the principles

strengths

and limitations of key geophysical methods

such as Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Induced Polarization (IP)

and geochemical methods

such as Acid-Base Accounting (ABA) and kinetic tests. The paper then shows how the spatial data from geophysical surveys can be used to intelligently guide geochemical sampling to create comprehensive three-dimensional models that turn fragmented information into a continuous

spatially resolved map of AMD risk. Lastly

the review discusses future directions

including the use of machine learning

remote sensing

and advanced sensor technology

while emphasizing the crucial need for standardized protocols and interdisciplinary training to ensure the wider adoption of this potent methodology. The integrated approach is the most reliable foundation for managing AMD proactively as opposed to reactively

producing more long-lasting and beneficial environmental results.

关键词

Keywords

references

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