The newly-revised *Vocational Education Law of the People's Republic of China clarifies that vocational education is an education type equally important to general education

establishes its type-orientation

and promotes connotative high-quality development of talent cultivation in higher vocational colleges. As a critical part of vocational education system

the traditional extensive student management model can hardly adapt to diversified student sources

industry-education integration and frequent off-campus internships. Digital technologies such as big data and smart campus provide new tools for refined student management

helping transform experience-driven administration into data-supported precise education. Based on the type-orientation of vocational education

this paper clarifies the internal logic of digital-enabled refined student management. It analyzes practical dilemmas including data silos

over-emphasis on hardware construction

insufficient digital competence of counselors

poor coverage in training scenarios and data privacy risks. Targeting the goal of fostering morality and professional skills

this study puts forward feasible paths: building integrated digital platforms

constructing multi-dimensional student digital profiles

realizing full-process digital management for industry-education training

improving counselors' digital literacy

establishing human-machine collaborative risk early-warning mechanism and completing data security regulations. The conclusions can offer practical references for student management reform in higher vocational colleges.