After the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War

Ding Ling and others formed the Northwest Front-Line Service Corps and assumed the important responsibility of wartime mobilization. Amongst all literary and artistic forms

the drama became Ding Ling's preferred form of propaganda because of its "immense power to induce and incite the people." In order to adapt to the performance space

audience seating

and stage conditions

the Northwest Front-Line Service Corps adopted the "improvised" method in creating

rehearsing

and performing

to great results. However

the "improvised" performance also encountered problems with regards to public propaganda

art consumption

and alteration of traditional Chinese theater. In fact

the "improvised" performance touched on the crux of "improvised" art and its deep predicament.