9卷 第4期
School of Marxism, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
纸质出版日期：2025-04-21
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(2025). An Analysis of the Evolution of Japanese Zaibatsu Business Models in China during the Late Qing and the Republic of China. 发展经济学, 9(4), 19-26.
Wang Youqing.An Analysis of the Evolution of Japanese Zaibatsu Business Models in China during the Late Qing and the Republic of China[J].Development Economics of China,2025,09(04):19-26.
(2025). An Analysis of the Evolution of Japanese Zaibatsu Business Models in China during the Late Qing and the Republic of China. 发展经济学, 9(4), 19-26. DOI： 10.47297/wspdecWSP2515-797304.20250904.
Wang Youqing.An Analysis of the Evolution of Japanese Zaibatsu Business Models in China during the Late Qing and the Republic of China[J].Development Economics of China,2025,09(04):19-26. DOI： 10.47297/wspdecWSP2515-797304.20250904.
This paper examines the business models of Japanese zaibatsu in China during the late Qing and Republican periods
analyzing how they circumvented Chinese government restrictions on foreign capital through comprador agency
Sino-Japanese joint ventures
loan control and investment infiltration. Initially
zaibatsu employed compradors familiar with Chinese commercial environments to establish trade networks
later training their own "China experts" to replace compradors and build independent marketing systems in treaty ports. Facing restrictions on establishing factories and operations in China's interior
zaibatsu used "Sino-Japanese joint ventures" to gain control over enterprises through capital infiltration
bypassing policy constraints. Additionally
they provided loans with stringent conditions to companies like Hanyeping and Chinese mining enterprises
securing control over resource industries through mortgages and exclusive sales agreements
even extending influence to critical sectors like railways and telecommunications. These models were institutional tools of Japan's economic aggression
serving both zaibatsu capital expansion and Japan's colonial policies. This study reveals the strategic evolution of zaibatsu operations in China and their profound impact on the Chinese economy
offering a historical perspective on Sino-Japanese economic relations during this period.
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