Responding to the Legal Challenges of the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism from the Perspective of "Belt and Road" Quality Development

Nishan Xie

doi:10.47297/wspdecWSP2515-797315.20250907

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Responding to the Legal Challenges of the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism from the Perspective of "Belt and Road" Quality Development

9卷第7期

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Responding to the Legal Challenges of the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism from the Perspective of "Belt and Road" Quality Development
Responding to the Legal Challenges of the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism from the Perspective of "Belt and Road" Quality Development
Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing, 401120, China
2025年9卷第7期页码：77-80
纸质出版：2025-07-30
DOI：10.47297/wspdecWSP2515-797315.20250907
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(2025). Responding to the Legal Challenges of the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism from the Perspective of "Belt and Road" Quality Development. 发展经济学, 9(7), 77-80.

Xie Nishan.Responding to the Legal Challenges of the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism from the Perspective of "Belt and Road" Quality Development[J].Development Economics of China,2025,09(07):77-80.
(2025). Responding to the Legal Challenges of the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism from the Perspective of "Belt and Road" Quality Development. 发展经济学, 9(7), 77-80. DOI： 10.47297/wspdecWSP2515-797315.20250907.

Xie Nishan.Responding to the Legal Challenges of the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism from the Perspective of "Belt and Road" Quality Development[J].Development Economics of China,2025,09(07):77-80. DOI： 10.47297/wspdecWSP2515-797315.20250907.

摘要

Abstract

The European Union's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) seeks to prevent carbon leakage and encourage global convergence in carbon pricing. However

it presents substantial challenges for developing countries along the Belt and Road

whose export structures rely heavily on carbon-intensive industries. For example

although Vietnam and Indonesia have initiated pilot carbon markets

their coverage and MRV systems remain incomplete. Similarly

China's national carbon market differs significantly from the EU ETS in terms of sectoral scope and carbon pricing levels

making near-term alignment difficult. CBAM has raised disputes regarding consistency with WTO principles of most-favoured-nation treatment

national treatment

and special and differential treatment. Furthermore

the EU faces obstacles in justifying CBAM under the environmental exceptions of GATT Article XX

particularly concerning "unjustifiable discrimination." To respond to these challenges

Belt and Road countries should adopt a three-pronged strategy—litigation pressure

regional coordination

and domestic institutional upgrading—to balance export competitiveness with green transformation.

关键词

Keywords

references

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