10卷 第2期
College of Foreign Languages, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
纸质出版：2026-02-28
Scan QR Code
Xiuxiu Yang & Lijuan Liu. (2026). A Study of the Differential Effects of Teacher and DeepSeek Writing Feedback on College Students' Academic Anxiety. 国际教育与发展（英文版）, 10(2), 52-57.
Yang Xiuxiu,Liu Lijuan.A Study of the Differential Effects of Teacher and DeepSeek Writing Feedback on College Students' Academic Anxiety[J].Journal of International Education and Development,2026,10(02):52-57.
Xiuxiu Yang & Lijuan Liu. (2026). A Study of the Differential Effects of Teacher and DeepSeek Writing Feedback on College Students' Academic Anxiety. 国际教育与发展（英文版）, 10(2), 52-57. DOI： 10.47297/wspiedWSP2516-250011.20261002.
Yang Xiuxiu,Liu Lijuan.A Study of the Differential Effects of Teacher and DeepSeek Writing Feedback on College Students' Academic Anxiety[J].Journal of International Education and Development,2026,10(02):52-57. DOI： 10.47297/wspiedWSP2516-250011.20261002.
Based on the three-dimensional theory of anxiety
this study adopted a mixed research method to explore the differential effects of second language writing teacher feedback and DeepSeek AI feedback on the academic anxiety of 115 non-English major college students. The results showed that: (1) Teacher feedback induced higher cognitive anxiety and avoidance tendency in students than DeepSeek feedback
with the difference in avoidance tendency approaching statistical significance; (2) No stable and consistent difference was found in the impact of the two feedback modes on students'physiological anxiety. The findings reveal that DeepSeek AI feedback has potential advantages in alleviating cognitive anxiety and avoidance tendency of non-English majors
providing empirical support for constructing a "human-machine collaborative" feedbackmodel that balances teaching effectiveness
feedback efficiency and students'psychological safety.
Sun P. , Xu J. , & Zhang J . ( 2025 ). The added value of generative artificial intelligence feedback on the quality of college students' English writing . Frontiers of Foreign Language Education , 8 ( 4 ), 24 – 36 .
Zhou X. , & Wang Q . ( 2025 ). A comparative study of teacher feedback and peer feedback in continuation writing tasks . China Foreign Language , 22 ( 3 ), 64 – 71 .
Bai L . ( 2021 ). A study on the inducing factors and manifestations of English writing anxiety among college English learners . Foreign Language and Literature , 37 ( 5 ), 129 – 138 .
Youn C. H. , Salam A. R. , & Rahman A . A . ( 2025 ). AI-driven tools in providing feedback on students' writing. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science , 9 ( 3 ), 58 – 67 .
Cheng X. , & Liu Y . ( 2022 ). Student engagement with teacher written feedback: Insights from low-proficiency and high-proficiency L2 learners . System , 109 , 102880 .
Sun J. , Motevalli S. , & Chan N . N . ( 2024 ). Exploring writing anxiety during writing process: An analysis of perceptions in Chinese English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. Qualitative Research in Education .
Zhou Y . ( 2025 ). A comparative study on the effectiveness of feedback methods in English writing teaching in a multi-interactive environment . Foreign Language Education , 46 ( 2 ), 62 – 68 .
Liu M. , Zou W. , Zong M. , et al . ( 2025 ). How generative artificial intelligence empowers teaching: An empirical study on middle school English writing instruction . China Educational Technology , 461 , 70 – 79 .
Wu D. , Li H. , & Chen X . ( 2023 ). An analysis of the educational impact of general-purpose artificial intelligence large language models . Open Education Research , 29 ( 2 ), 19 – 25 .
State Council . ( 2025 ). Report on the work of the government ( 2025 ) [EB/OL ] . https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202503/content_7010168.htm https://www.gov.cn/yaowen/liebiao/202503/content_7010168.htm .
Chen X. , & Hu Z . ( 2025 ). Intelligent scoring based on DeepSeek: A study on validity, reliability, and feasibility . Higher Education Exploration , 3 , 26 – 36 .
Guo L . ( 2025 ). Generative artificial intelligence driving educational transformation: Mechanisms, risks, and responses—A case study of DeepSeek . Chongqing Higher Education Research , 13 ( 3 ), 38 – 47 .
Ma R . ( 2025 ). A comparative study on the effectiveness of writing correction between DeepSeek and Pigai.org . Computer Era , 46 ( 7 ), 62 – 65 .
Quan T . ( 2025 ). Exploration and reflection on DeepSeek empowering college English teaching . Modern English , 11 ( 6 ), 24 – 26 .
Luo J. , Wang L. , & Liu L . ( 2022 ). Ethical dilemmas and risk resolution of artificial intelligence empowering classroom feedback . Modern Distance Education Research , 34 ( 2 ), 29 – 36 .
Wei S. , & Li L . ( 2023 ). Research on artificial intelligence-assisted second language writing feedback: A case study of ChatGPT . China Foreign Language , 20 ( 3 ), 33 – 40 .
Jin T. , Bai C. , Wang Y. , et al . ( 2025 ). A study on cooperative processing strategies of ChatGPT intelligent feedback in argumentative comparative continuation writing . Modern Foreign Languages , 48 ( 3 ), 1 – 13 .
Zou B. , Wang C. , He H. , et al . Enhancing EFL writing with visualised GenAI feedback: A cognitive affective theory of learning perspective on revision quality, emotional response, and human-computer interaction .
Wu X . Y . ( 2024 ). Artificial intelligence in L2 learning: A meta-analysis of contextual, instructional, and social-emotional moderators. System , 126 , 103498 .
Luo F. , Ma Y. , & Jiao L . ( 2025 ). Iteration-driven transformation: How the technical characteristics of DeepSeek empower the digital transformation of education . Education Science Edition , 3 , 28 – 40 .
Crawford J. , Cowling M. , & Allen K . A . ( 2023 ). Leadership is needed for ethical ChatGPT: Character, assessment, and learning using artificial intelligence (AI). Journal of University Teaching & Learning Practice , 20 ( 3 ), 1 – 19 .
Hawanti S. , & Khudoiberdieva M . Z . ( 2023 ). AI chatbot-based learning: Alleviating students' anxiety in English writing classroom. Bulletin of Social Informatics Theory and pplication , 7 ( 2 ), 182 – 192 .
Wang J. , & Fan W . ( 2025 ). The effect of ChatGPT on students' learning performance, learning perception, and higher-order thinking: Insights from a meta-analysis . Humanities & Social Sciences Communications , 12 ( 1 ), 621 .
Ortega-Ochoa E. , Sabaté J. M. , Arguedas M. , et al . ( 2024 ). Exploring the utilization and deficiencies of Generative Artificial Intelligence in students' cognitive and emotional needs: A systematic mini-review . Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence , 7 , 1493566 .
Liu H. , Yin M. , & Xu X . ( 2023 ). Ego depletion in data-rich environments: The mechanism of academic anxiety among college students . Heilongjiang Researches on Higher Education , 41 ( 10 ), 130 – 136 .
Wu Y. , & Ren P . ( 2024 ). A study on the impact of online peer assessment and teacher feedback on students' second language writing feedback literacy . Shandong Foreign Language Teaching , 45 ( 4 ), 64 – 74 .
Li Y. , Liu S. , Li X. , et al . ( 2022 ). Can human-computer collaborative essay evaluation promote writing instruction? Evidence from an extension course at Z University . Modern Distance ducation Research , 34 ( 1 ), 63 – 74 .
Lang P. J. ( 1971 ). The application of psychophysiological methods to the study of psychotherapy and behavior modification . In A. E. Bergin & S. L. Garfield (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (pp. 75 – 125 ). Consulting Psychologists Press .
Spielberger C . D . ( 1983 ). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI Form Y). Consulting Psychologists Press .
Cheng Y . S . ( 2004 ). A measure of second language writing anxiety: Scale development and preliminary validation. Journal of Second Language Writing , 13 ( 4 ), 313 – 335 .
Kluger A. N. , & DeNisi A . ( 1996 ). The effects of feedback interventions on performance: A historical review, a meta-analysis, and a preliminary feedback intervention theory . Psychological Bulletin , 119 ( 2 ), 254 – 284 .
Ren W. , Liu Y. , & Xie Y . ( 2024 ). A comparative study of ChatGPT and teacher feedback in English writing instruction . Foreign Language Teaching Theory and Practice , 190 ( 4 ), 30 – 38 .
Horwitz E. K. , Horwitz M. B. , & Cope J . ( 1986 ). Foreign language classroom anxiety . Modern Language Journal , 70 ( 2 ), 125 – 132 .
Deci E. L. , & Ryan R . M . ( 2000 ). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist , 55 ( 1 ), 68 – 78 .
Yang L. , & Yu R . ( 2025 ). The impact of second language writing teachers' written feedback on college students' academic emotions . Modern Foreign Languages , 48 ( 3 ), 377 – 388 .
Related Author
Related Institution
京公网安备11010802024621