Translation teaching is a core course for English majors in universities

aiming to boost students' bilingual skills and cultivate their logic

critical awareness and cross-cultural cognition. Under foreign language education reforms

traditional translation teaching centered on sentence parsing

standard answers and repetitive error correction cannot meet the needs of professional translators. Overemphasis on mechanical language drills traps students in rigid translation mindsets

who fail to analyse texts and handle cross-cultural materials properly. Critical thinking runs through the whole translation workflow and acts as a vital literacy for translators. This paper explores the internal connection between translation teaching and critical thinking training

points out existing teaching defects

and puts forward targeted solutions covering teaching philosophy

classroom design

teaching materials and assessment rules. It intends to provide practical references for translation teaching reform and train application-oriented translators with independent cross-cultural thinking.